Coronary heart disease

Transcript

Welcome to the CPPE ischaemic heart disease page. Ischaemic heart disease or IHD is a major cause of death. Around 2 million people in the UK suffer from angina which is the most common symptom. Pharmacy professionals can make many interventions both to prevent the development of IHD and support patients to reduce their risks of further progression through medicines optimisation. Here you will find learning resources for pharmacy professionals in all sectors of practice. Patients often take multiple medicines and the resources on this page will support you in optimising medicines and supporting patients to get the best from them. Additional resources link to national guidance which will support evidence-based decision making around medicines. There are additional tools to apply to practice to support reduction of cardiovascular risk. As this is quite a broad topic the ‘test yourself’ area of the page may be a good place to start to help you identify your personal learning needs.

This e-learning programme provides an overview of the management of stable angina. It will equip learners with the knowledge and skills to offer a comprehensive medicines management service to people with this condition.

Please note: this e-learning programme has been developed and provided by the Northern Ireland Centre for Pharmacy Learning and Development (NICPLD). Users should recognise that this programme will refer to Northern Ireland's policies and organisations. After ordering this programme, you will be redirected to their website where the resource is hosted. Please be aware that CPPE does not maintain control over the accuracy and currency of this programme.

Learning Outcomes:

• describe the factors involved in the diagnosis of stable angina
• identify the risk factors associated with increased mortality in patients with stable angina
• adopt an evidence-based approach to the management of stable angina
• make recommendations for second-line treatment if first-line therapy is unsuitable or cannot be tolerated
• understand the role of novel medication for patients with stable angina.

The focus of this learning programme is to consider options for second-line angina treatment and how primary care teams can contribute to delivering a positive patient experience for people with angina.

Learning Outcomes:

• discuss the evidence base underpinning second-line medicines for stable angina
• assess which second-line medicine is most appropriate for an individual
• outline the key points for medicines optimisation in stable angina
• be aware of resources, including those for patients, to support medicines optimisation in this clinical area
• develop an action plan to improve medicines optimisation and reduce hospital admissions.

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The aim of this e-course is to develop your knowledge and skills in cardiovascular therapeutics. This will enable you to provide a person-centred approach to support the healthcare of people living with or at higher risk of cardiovascular disease. It is designed for pharmacy professionals working in all areas of practice.

To facilitate your learning, we have structured the course into seven units. Some units are larger than others, but we estimate that you will need to commit an average of three hours of learning for each unit.

• Unit 1 – Introduction to cardiovascular therapeutics
• Unit 2 – Atrial fibrillation
• Unit 3 – Blood pressure
• Unit 4 – Cholesterol
• Unit 5 – Stable angina
• Unit 6 – Acute coronary syndrome
• Unit 7 – Heart failure

Learning Outcomes:

On completion of all aspects of this learning programme, you should be able to:

• describe the anatomy and function of the cardiovascular system
• explain the changes to cardiovascular system anatomy and function occurring in common cardiovascular conditions
• identify opportunities to develop your role and professional networks to deliver holistic and seamless care for people living with or at higher risk of cardiovascular disease
• apply your knowledge of medicines and cardiovascular guidelines to support evidence-based decisions and medicines optimisation for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease
• demonstrate a shared decision making approach to the care of people living with or at higher risk of cardiovascular disease
• create a personal action plan that describes the actions you will take to support people living with or at higher risk of cardiovascular disease

This e-learning programme provides a holistic overview of the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of heart failure, including a presentation about considerations for end of life care. This programme will equip learners with the knowledge and skills to provide a comprehensive medicines management service to patients with this condition.

Please note: this e-learning programme has been developed and provided by the Northern Ireland Centre for Pharmacy Learning and Development (NICPLD). Users should recognise that this programme will refer to Northern Ireland's policies and organisations. After ordering this programme, you will be redirected to their website where the resource is hosted. Please be aware that CPPE does not maintain control over the accuracy and currency of this programme.

Learning Outcomes:

• identify the risk factors for developing chronic heart failure
• classify heart failure according to disease severity
• recognise the symptoms of disease progression
• describe best practice guidance in relation to both the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of the condition
• provide advice to patients with heart failure on lifestyle changes that may alleviate symptoms
• list the palliative care needs of patients with end-stage heart failure
• identify your role in the management of this patient group.

The aim of this e-learning programme is to provide you with a better understanding of vascular risk and the NHS health check programme.

It looks at the health policy surrounding the NHS health check programme and how it is commissioned. This learning defines cardiovascular risk and looks at some of the different assessment tools available and how these are used to estimate an individual’s cardiovascular risk.

It looks at the importance of communication with patients about their modifiable risk factors. Information on how to perform the NHS health check has been included and how to embed clinical governance into your NHS health check service.

Learning Outcomes:

• define the term cardiovascular risk and discuss which vascular diseases are included in the NHS health check programme
• describe how the NHS health check programme fits into current health policy, how it is commissioned and some of the practical aspects of providing a pharmacy-based service
• assess an individual’s risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) using appropriate evidence-based tools
• explain management options for modifiable risk factors following an NHS health check
• manage patients identified as having low, medium or high risk
• identify situations where referral to another practitioner is appropriate following the NHS health check
• develop strategies for communicating with patients who are at risk of CVD.

This e-learning programme will help improve your knowledge about the prevalence of overweight and obesity, the structure of weight management services in England and the structure and requirements of a tier two commissioned lifestyle weight management service.

It provides you with practical advice on how you can support patients on their own weight loss journey, including how to initiate the difficult discussion around weight management.

Are you registered with the GPhC in England but are being asked to pay to access this learning?

If this is the case, you have registered with CPPE as a non-GPhC user and need to merge your account with your GPhC number. You can do that here: Merge your CPPE and GPhC accounts

Once your accounts have been merged, you will be able to access the learning free of charge.

Learning Outcomes:

On completion of all aspects of this learning programme you should be able to:

• outline the epidemiology of obesity
• use appropriate equipment and techniques to measure and categorise a person's degree of overweight or obesity
• describe the determinants and health risks of being overweight or obese and the benefits of maintaining a healthy weight
• assess a person's readiness to lose weight and willingness to modify behaviour to achieve and maintain an appropriate target weight
• describe a range of motivational and behavioural techniques to support weight management
• discuss the role of diet, physical activity, medicines and surgery in the management of weight and provide practical healthy lifestyle advice
• select the most appropriate intervention or referral pathway to other primary/secondary care specialist services where necessary, in line with local and national weight management strategies
• describe and implement a community pharmacy weight management service.

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This e-assessment is linked with the CPPE Vascular risk and the NHS health check programme and assesses you on the learning outcomes within that programme.

Why should I do this assessment?

This e-assessment is linked with the CPPE Fundamentals of cardiovascular therapeutics e-course programme, and assesses you on the learning outcomes in that programme. 

Why should I do this assessment?

This e-assessment completes the learning you began with the CPPE Fundamentals of cardiovascular therapeutics e-course. Access and successful completion will contribute to your own personal development plan, be recorded in your My CPPE record and will enable you to complete a CPD entry on the learning. It may also provide evidence for achieving competencies in the RPS Foundation or Advanced Pharmacy Frameworks. If you are working towards completing a Declaration of Competence for a pharmacy service, successful completion of this assessment will provide evidence of your learning.

NICE CG126 Stable angina: management

This guideline covers the early and longer-term (rehabilitation) management of acute coronary syndromes. These include ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina. The guideline aims to improve survival and quality of life for people who have a heart attack or unstable angina.

NICE CG181 Cardiovascular disease: risk assessment and reduction, including lipid modification

This guideline covers identifying and treating primary hypertension (high blood pressure) in people aged 18 and over, including people with type 2 diabetes. It aims to reduce the risk of cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks and strokes by helping healthcare professionals to diagnose hypertension accurately and treat it effectively.

This guideline covers diagnosing and managing chronic heart failure in people aged 18 and over. It aims to improve early diagnosis and treatment to improve the length and quality of life for people with heart failure.

This guideline covers diagnosing and managing acute heart failure or possible acute heart failure in people aged 18 and over. It aims to improve the immediate care of someone who is acutely unwell as a result of heart failure.